Бесплатный фрагмент - Практический разговорный английский: 40 тем для обсуждений

Введение

Эта книга создана для того, чтобы помочь вам развивать навыки общения на английском языке в живой и интересной форме. В ней вы найдёте 40 актуальных тем, которые подходят как для занятий в разговорном клубе с преподавателем, так и для самостоятельной практики.

Каждая глава построена так, чтобы вы могли постепенно погружаться в тему: сначала простые вопросы для разминки, потом ключевая лексика с переводом и примерами, а затем более сложные вопросы для обсуждения и размышления. В конце каждой темы вы найдёте полезные фразы для выражения мнения, согласия или несогласия — они помогут вам увереннее участвовать в диалоге.

Важно не просто читать материал, а использовать его активно: отвечать на вопросы вслух, обсуждать их с друзьями или в клубе, стараться включать новую лексику и фразы в свои ответы. Таким образом вы не только расширите словарный запас, но и научитесь свободнее выражать свои мысли на английском.

Эта книга полезна для тех, кто хочет:

развивать уверенность в разговоре на разные темы;

учиться формулировать свои мысли полно и ясно;

улучшить понимание живой английской речи;

готовиться к обсуждениям, интервью, презентациям или просто интересным разговорам.

Каждая тема — это маленькая практика общения, которая постепенно делает вас более свободным и уверенным собеседником. Используйте книгу регулярно, и вы заметите, как легко становится говорить о самых разных вещах на английском.

Topic 1: Hobbies

1. Warm-up

What hobbies do you have?

Example answer: I enjoy reading and painting in my free time.

How often do you spend time on your hobbies?

Example answer: I spend a few hours every week, usually on weekends.

Did you have different hobbies when you were a child?

Example answer: Yes, I used to play football and collect stamps when I was a child.

2. Key Vocabulary

hobby — хобби

My favorite hobby is painting.

interest — интерес

I have a strong interest in photography.

leisure time — свободное время

I like reading books in my leisure time.

pastime — времяпрепровождение

Watching movies is a fun pastime for me.

collecting — коллекционирование

He enjoys collecting stamps from different countries.

crafts — ремесла, поделки

She spends her weekends making crafts.

sports — спорт

Football is a popular sport worldwide.

outdoor activities — активный отдых на улице

Hiking and cycling are popular outdoor activities.

indoor activities — занятия в помещении

Reading and cooking are common indoor activities.

skill — навык

Playing the guitar is a skill that requires practice.

relaxation — расслабление

Gardening helps me with relaxation after work.

creative — творческий

Painting is a very creative hobby.

3. Discussion Questions

What is your favorite hobby and why?

Example answer: My favorite hobby is painting because it helps me relax and express my creativity.

How did you start your hobbies?

Example answer: I started playing the guitar when I was a child because my parents encouraged me.

Do you prefer hobbies you do alone or with others?

Example answer: I prefer hobbies I do alone, like reading or drawing, but sometimes I enjoy playing sports with friends.

How much time do you spend on your hobbies each week?

Example answer: I spend about 5–6 hours a week on my hobbies, usually in the evenings or on weekends.

Why do people choose different hobbies?

Example answer: People choose hobbies depending on their interests, skills, and available time.

Can hobbies help reduce stress? How?

Example answer: Yes, hobbies like yoga, painting, or gardening can help reduce stress because they allow people to focus on something enjoyable.

What would happen if people didn’t have any hobbies?

Example answer: If people didn’t have hobbies, they might feel bored or stressed more often.

Which hobby is the most popular in your country?

Example answer: In my country, many people enjoy sports, especially football, because it is fun and social.

Do you think hobbies can become a career?

Example answer: Yes, some hobbies like photography, music, or crafts can become a career if you are talented and hardworking.

Have you ever tried a hobby and given up? Why?

Example answer: Yes, I tried learning the violin, but I gave up because I didn’t have enough time to practice.

4. Useful Phrases for Discussion

I totally agree because… — Полностью согласен, потому что…

I totally agree because hobbies help us relax and learn new skills.

That’s a good point, but… — Хороший аргумент, но…

That’s a good point, but some hobbies can be expensive.

I see what you mean, however… — Я понимаю, о чём вы, однако…

I see what you mean, however, hobbies should be enjoyable, not stressful.

In my opinion… — По моему мнению…

In my opinion, outdoor activities are the best way to spend free time.

From my perspective… — С моей точки зрения…

From my perspective, hobbies can improve mental health.

I’m not sure about that because… — Я не уверен в этом, потому что…

I’m not sure about that because some people have no time for hobbies.

Could you explain why…? — Можете объяснить, почему…?

Could you explain why you prefer indoor activities?

5. Opinion Question

Do you think having a hobby is important for a happy life? Why?

Example answer: Yes, I think having a hobby is very important because it gives me relaxation, improves my skills, and makes my leisure time enjoyable.

Tip: Use at least 3 words from the vocabulary list in your answer.

Topic 2: Daily Routine

1. Warm-up

What time do you usually wake up?

Example answer: I usually wake up at 7 a.m. on weekdays.

What is the first thing you do after getting up?

Example answer: The first thing I do is brush my teeth and have a cup of coffee.

Do you prefer a busy or relaxed daily routine?

Example answer: I prefer a balanced routine, not too busy but not too relaxed.

2. Key Vocabulary

daily routine — распорядок дня

My daily routine includes exercise, work, and reading.

schedule — расписание

I always follow my schedule to stay organized.

habit — привычка

Waking up early is a healthy habit.

morning routine — утренний распорядок

My morning routine helps me start the day positively.

evening routine — вечерний распорядок

I like to have a calm evening routine to relax.

commute — дорога на работу / учебу

My daily commute takes about 30 minutes by bus.

breakfast / lunch / dinner — завтрак / обед / ужин

I always eat a healthy breakfast to start the day.

chores — домашние дела

I do my chores after work or in the evening.

free time / leisure time — свободное время

I spend my free time reading or listening to music.

productive — продуктивный

I try to be productive during work hours.

relax / unwind — отдыхать, расслабляться

I like to unwind by watching TV in the evening.

to-do list — список дел

I write a to-do list every morning to organize my tasks.

3. Discussion Questions

What is your daily routine like on weekdays?

Example answer: On weekdays, I wake up at 7 a.m., have breakfast, go to work, and in the evening I read or watch TV.

How does your weekend routine differ from weekdays?

Example answer: On weekends, I wake up later, spend more time with friends, and relax more.

Do you think a routine is important? Why?

Example answer: Yes, a routine is important because it helps me stay organized and productive.

Which part of your day is the most productive?

Example answer: The morning is the most productive part of my day because I feel energetic and focused.

Do you prefer a fixed routine or a flexible one?

Example answer: I prefer a flexible routine so I can adapt to unexpected events.

What daily habits help you stay healthy?

Example answer: I try to exercise regularly, eat healthy meals, and sleep enough.

Have you ever changed your daily routine to improve your life?

Example answer: Yes, I started waking up earlier and exercising in the morning, and I feel better now.

What chores or tasks do you usually do every day?

Example answer: I usually clean my room, wash dishes, and prepare meals.

How do you spend your free time during the day?

Example answer: I spend my free time reading, listening to music, or taking a walk.

What would happen if you had no routine at all?

Example answer: If I had no routine, I think I would feel disorganized and stressed.

4. Useful Phrases for Discussion

I totally agree because… — Полностью согласен, потому что…

I totally agree because having a routine makes life easier and less stressful.

That’s a good point, but… — Хороший аргумент, но…

That’s a good point, but sometimes a flexible routine is better than a strict one.

I see what you mean, however… — Я понимаю, о чём вы, однако…

I see what you mean, however, too many habits can make life boring.

In my opinion… — По моему мнению…

In my opinion, a morning routine is the key to a productive day.

From my perspective… — С моей точки зрения…

From my perspective, free time is very important for mental health.

I’m not sure about that because… — Я не уверен в этом, потому что…

I’m not sure about that because sometimes routines can feel stressful.

Could you explain why…? — Можете объяснить, почему…?

Could you explain why you prefer a flexible schedule?

5. Opinion Question

Do you think having a daily routine helps people live better? Why?

Example answer: Yes, I think a daily routine helps people live better because it organizes their time, reduces stress, and makes them more productive.

Tip: Use at least 3 words from the vocabulary list in your answer.

Topic 3: Childhood Memories

1. Warm-up

What is your happiest memory from childhood?

Example answer: My happiest memory is going to the park with my parents every Sunday.

Did you have a favorite game or toy as a child?

Example answer: Yes, my favorite toy was a small red bicycle that I got for my birthday.

Who was your best friend when you were a child?

Example answer: My best friend was my neighbor, and we played together every day after school.

2. Key Vocabulary

childhood — детство

I have many good memories from my childhood.

memory / memories — воспоминание / воспоминания

One of my favorite memories is my first day at school.

playground — детская площадка

I loved spending time on the playground after school.

toy — игрушка

My favorite toy was a small stuffed bear.

friendship — дружба

Childhood friendship can last a lifetime.

family — семья

My family always supported me when I was a child.

school — школа

I started school when I was seven years old.

game — игра

We used to play hide-and-seek in the garden.

holiday — праздник / каникулы

Summer holidays were my favorite time as a child.

imagination — воображение

Children use their imagination to create games and stories.

naughty — непослушный, озорной

I was a naughty child and often played tricks on my friends.

story / storytelling — история / рассказывание историй

My grandmother loved storytelling and often told me fairy tales.

3. Discussion Questions

What is your happiest memory from childhood?

Example answer: My happiest memory is visiting my grandparents during summer holidays.

What games did you play when you were a child?

Example answer: I played hide-and-seek, tag, and board games with my friends.

Did you have a favorite toy? What was it?

Example answer: Yes, my favorite toy was a small teddy bear I got for my fifth birthday.

Who was your best friend, and what did you do together?

Example answer: My best friend was my neighbor; we played football and built forts in the garden.

What was your favorite subject at school? Why?

Example answer: My favorite subject was art because I loved drawing and painting.

Did you have any family traditions during your childhood?

Example answer: Yes, every Sunday we had lunch with our grandparents, which I loved.

Were you a quiet or naughty child? Give an example.

Example answer: I was a naughty child; once I painted my cat with watercolors!

How do your childhood memories influence your life today?

Example answer: My childhood memories make me appreciate family time and simple pleasures.

What holiday or event did you look forward to the most?

Example answer: I looked forward to New Year because we always decorated the house and got gifts.

If you could go back to your childhood for one day, what would you do?

Example answer: I would spend the day playing with my friends and eating my favorite treats.

4. Useful Phrases for Discussion

I totally agree because… — Полностью согласен, потому что…

I totally agree because childhood memories shape who we are today.

That’s a good point, but… — Хороший аргумент, но…

That’s a good point, but some childhood memories can be sad or challenging.

I see what you mean, however… — Я понимаю, о чём вы, однако…

I see what you mean, however, we often remember the happy moments more clearly.

In my opinion… — По моему мнению…

In my opinion, playing outside is one of the best parts of childhood.

From my perspective… — С моей точки зрения…

From my perspective, childhood friendships are very important.

I’m not sure about that because… — Я не уверен в этом, потому что…

I’m not sure about that because some childhood experiences are forgotten over time.

Could you explain why…? — Можете объяснить, почему…?

Could you explain why you enjoyed that game so much?

5. Opinion Question

Do you think childhood memories influence who we become as adults? Why?

Example answer: Yes, I think childhood memories influence us because they teach us values, create friendships, and shape our imagination.

Tip: Use at least 3 words from the vocabulary list in your answer.

Topic 4: Education

1. Warm-up

What is your favorite subject at school or university?

Example answer: My favorite subject is English because I enjoy learning languages.

Do you prefer studying alone or in a group?

Example answer: I prefer studying alone because I can concentrate better.

What is the most important thing you learned at school?

Example answer: The most important thing I learned is how to manage my time and work independently.

2. Key Vocabulary

education — образование

Education is very important for personal development.

subject — предмет

My favorite subject is history.

teacher / professor — учитель / профессор

My teacher always encourages me to ask questions.

student — студент / ученик

Students should participate actively in class.

school / university — школа / университет

I studied at a small university in my city.

lesson / class — урок / занятие

The lesson today was very interesting.

homework / assignment — домашнее задание / задание

I usually do my homework in the evening.

exam / test — экзамен / тест

I am preparing for a difficult exam next week.

knowledge — знания

Reading books helps to improve knowledge.

study skills — учебные навыки

Good study skills make learning easier and faster.

learning environment — учебная среда

A quiet learning environment helps students focus.

class participation — участие в классе

Active class participation can improve your grade.

3. Discussion Questions

What is your favorite subject and why?

Example answer: My favorite subject is English because I enjoy reading and speaking in another language.

Do you prefer online learning or face-to-face classes? Why?

Example answer: I prefer face-to-face classes because I can ask questions and communicate with the teacher easily.

What qualities make a good teacher?

Example answer: A good teacher is patient, knowledgeable, and encourages students to participate.

Do you think homework is useful? Why or why not?

Example answer: Yes, homework is useful because it helps students practice and understand the lesson better.

How do exams affect students’ stress levels?

Example answer: Exams can be stressful, but preparation and good study habits can help reduce stress.

What skills are the most important to learn at school?

Example answer: Critical thinking, communication, and time management are very important skills to learn.

Have you ever had a teacher who inspired you? How?

Example answer: Yes, my math teacher inspired me by showing how useful math is in real life.

Do you think education is more important than experience? Why?

Example answer: Both are important, but education gives a foundation that can make gaining experience easier.

How can students improve their learning environment at home?

Example answer: They can create a quiet, well-lit space and organize their materials to study efficiently.

If you could change one thing about the education system, what would it be?

Example answer: I would reduce the number of exams and focus more on practical skills.

4. Useful Phrases for Discussion

I totally agree because… — Полностью согласен, потому что…

I totally agree because a good teacher can make learning enjoyable.

That’s a good point, but… — Хороший аргумент, но…

That’s a good point, but some students prefer self-study rather than classes.

I see what you mean, however… — Я понимаю, о чём вы, однако…

I see what you mean, however, exams are sometimes necessary to measure progress.

In my opinion… — По моему мнению…

In my opinion, learning skills is more important than memorizing facts.

From my perspective… — С моей точки зрения…

From my perspective, online learning can be convenient but less interactive.

I’m not sure about that because… — Я не уверен в этом, потому что…

I’m not sure about that because some students need guidance from teachers.

Could you explain why…? — Можете объяснить, почему…?

Could you explain why you think exams are stressful?

5. Opinion Question

Do you think education is the key to success in life? Why or why not?

Example answer: Yes, I think education is very important because it gives knowledge, develops skills, and prepares people for work and life.

Tip: Use at least 3 words from the vocabulary list in your answer.

Topic 4: Education

1. Warm-up

What is your favorite subject at school or university?

Example answer: My favorite subject is English because I enjoy learning languages.

Do you prefer studying alone or in a group?

Example answer: I prefer studying alone because I can concentrate better.

What is the most important thing you learned at school?

Example answer: The most important thing I learned is how to manage my time and work independently.

2. Key Vocabulary

education — образование

Education is very important for personal development.

subject — предмет

My favorite subject is history.

teacher / professor — учитель / профессор

My teacher always encourages me to ask questions.

student — студент / ученик

Students should participate actively in class.

school / university — школа / университет

I studied at a small university in my city.

lesson / class — урок / занятие

The lesson today was very interesting.

homework / assignment — домашнее задание / задание

I usually do my homework in the evening.

exam / test — экзамен / тест

I am preparing for a difficult exam next week.

knowledge — знания

Reading books helps to improve knowledge.

study skills — учебные навыки

Good study skills make learning easier and faster.

learning environment — учебная среда

A quiet learning environment helps students focus.

class participation — участие в классе

Active class participation can improve your grade.

3. Discussion Questions

What is your favorite subject and why?

Example answer: My favorite subject is English because I enjoy reading and speaking in another language.

Do you prefer online learning or face-to-face classes? Why?

Example answer: I prefer face-to-face classes because I can ask questions and communicate with the teacher easily.

What qualities make a good teacher?

Example answer: A good teacher is patient, knowledgeable, and encourages students to participate.

Do you think homework is useful? Why or why not?

Example answer: Yes, homework is useful because it helps students practice and understand the lesson better.

How do exams affect students’ stress levels?

Example answer: Exams can be stressful, but preparation and good study habits can help reduce stress.

What skills are the most important to learn at school?

Example answer: Critical thinking, communication, and time management are very important skills to learn.

Have you ever had a teacher who inspired you? How?

Example answer: Yes, my math teacher inspired me by showing how useful math is in real life.

Do you think education is more important than experience? Why?

Example answer: Both are important, but education gives a foundation that can make gaining experience easier.

How can students improve their learning environment at home?

Example answer: They can create a quiet, well-lit space and organize their materials to study efficiently.

If you could change one thing about the education system, what would it be?

Example answer: I would reduce the number of exams and focus more on practical skills.

4. Useful Phrases for Discussion

I totally agree because… — Полностью согласен, потому что…

I totally agree because a good teacher can make learning enjoyable.

That’s a good point, but… — Хороший аргумент, но…

That’s a good point, but some students prefer self-study rather than classes.

I see what you mean, however… — Я понимаю, о чём вы, однако…

I see what you mean, however, exams are sometimes necessary to measure progress.

In my opinion… — По моему мнению…

In my opinion, learning skills is more important than memorizing facts.

From my perspective… — С моей точки зрения…

From my perspective, online learning can be convenient but less interactive.

I’m not sure about that because… — Я не уверен в этом, потому что…

I’m not sure about that because some students need guidance from teachers.

Could you explain why…? — Можете объяснить, почему…?

Could you explain why you think exams are stressful?

5. Opinion Question

Do you think education is the key to success in life? Why or why not?

Example answer: Yes, I think education is very important because it gives knowledge, develops skills, and prepares people for work and life.

Tip: Use at least 3 words from the vocabulary list in your answer.

Topic 5: Family Relationships

1. Warm-up

Who are the most important people in your family?

Example answer: My parents and my younger sister are the most important people in my family.

Do you live with your family or alone?

Example answer: I live with my family, and we share household responsibilities.

How often do you spend time together as a family?

Example answer: We usually spend time together every weekend, cooking, watching movies, or going for walks.

2. Key Vocabulary

family — семья

Family support is very important for personal growth.

parents — родители

My parents always encourage me to do my best.

siblings — братья и сестры

I have two siblings, an older brother and a younger sister.

grandparents — бабушки и дедушки

I love visiting my grandparents during holidays.

relative / extended family — родственник / расширенная семья

Many relatives came to our family reunion last summer.

relationship — отношения

I have a good relationship with my parents and siblings.

support / support system — поддержка / система поддержки

My family is my main support system.

conflict / disagreement — конфликт / разногласие

Sometimes conflicts happen between siblings.

communication — общение

Good communication is the key to strong family relationships.

family tradition — семейная традиция

One of our family traditions is to have Sunday lunch together.

trust — доверие

Trust is very important in family relationships.

bond — связь, узы

The bond between family members grows stronger with time.

3. Discussion Questions

Who do you get along with best in your family? Why?

Example answer: I get along best with my mother because we share the same interests.

How do you usually resolve conflicts in your family?

Example answer: We talk openly about our problems and try to understand each other.

Do you have any family traditions? What are they?

Example answer: Yes, every New Year we decorate the house together and cook special meals.

How important is communication in family relationships?

Example answer: Communication is very important because it helps us avoid misunderstandings and build trust.

Do you think living in a big family is better than a small family? Why or why not?

Example answer: I think a small family is easier to manage, but big families can be more fun.

Have you ever had a disagreement with a family member? How did you solve it?

Example answer: Yes, I disagreed with my brother about household chores, and we solved it by making a schedule.

How can parents support their children best?

Example answer: Parents can support their children by listening, giving advice, and encouraging them.

Do you think it is important to spend a lot of time with family?

Example answer: Yes, spending time together strengthens bonds and creates happy memories.

What role do grandparents play in a family?

Example answer: Grandparents often give advice, tell stories, and support the family emotionally.

If you could change one thing about your family life, what would it be?

Example answer: I would like us to have more family trips and spend more time together.

4. Useful Phrases for Discussion

I completely agree with you because… — Полностью с вами согласен, потому что…

I completely agree with you because trust is the foundation of family relationships.

I’m not sure I agree because… — Я не уверен, что согласен, потому что…

I’m not sure I agree because sometimes disagreements can help people understand each other better.

That’s an interesting point; I think… — Это интересная точка зрения; я думаю…

That’s an interesting point; I think family traditions are important for children’s identity.

From my experience… — Из моего опыта…

From my experience, good communication always helps to solve conflicts.

I understand your point, but have you considered…? — Я понимаю вашу точку зрения, но вы рассматривали…?

I understand your point, but have you considered that sometimes less supervision helps children become independent?

In my opinion… — По моему мнению…

In my opinion, spending quality time is more important than quantity of time.

It seems to me that… — Мне кажется, что…

It seems to me that respecting each other is the key to a happy family life.

5. Opinion Question

Do you think family relationships are more important than friendships? Why or why not?

Example answer: I think family relationships are very important because family members give support, trust, and care that friends cannot always provide.

Tip: Use at least 3 words from the vocabulary list in your answer.

Topic 6: Friends and Friendship

1. Warm-up

Who is your best friend and how did you meet?

Example answer: My best friend is Alex; we met at school when we were ten years old.

Do you prefer having a few close friends or many acquaintances?

Example answer: I prefer having a few close friends because I can trust them.

How often do you spend time with your friends?

Example answer: I usually spend time with my friends on weekends or during holidays.

2. Key Vocabulary

friendship — дружба

Friendship is important for emotional support and happiness.

best friend — лучший друг

My best friend always helps me when I am in trouble.

acquaintance — знакомый

I have many acquaintances at work, but only a few close friends.

trust — доверие

Trust is the foundation of a strong friendship.

loyalty — верность

Loyalty is one of the most important qualities in a friend.

support — поддержка

Friends give emotional support in difficult times.

conflict / disagreement — конфликт / разногласие

Sometimes disagreements happen even with close friends.

common interests — общие интересы

Having common interests makes it easier to make friends.

bond — связь, узы

We share a strong bond because we have known each other for years.

companion — товарищ, спутник

A good companion is someone who enjoys spending time with you.

advice — совет

Friends often give each other advice.

fun / enjoyment — веселье / удовольствие

Spending time with friends brings fun and enjoyment.

3. Discussion Questions

What qualities do you look for in a friend?

Example answer: I look for trust, loyalty, and a good sense of humor.

How did you make your best friend?

Example answer: I met my best friend at school, and we became close because we shared the same hobbies.

Do you think it’s easier to make friends as a child or as an adult? Why?

Example answer: I think it’s easier as a child because children meet others at school and play together.

Have you ever lost a friend? What happened?

Example answer: Yes, I lost a friend because we grew apart and had different interests.

How do you support your friends when they are upset?

Example answer: I listen to them, give advice if they want, and spend time together.

Do friends influence your decisions? How?

Example answer: Sometimes friends influence my decisions, especially when I trust their opinion.

Can a friendship survive a conflict? How?

Example answer: Yes, if both people talk honestly and forgive each other, the friendship can survive.

Do you prefer online friendships or face-to-face friendships? Why?

Example answer: I prefer face-to-face friendships because communication feels more natural and personal.

How important is having common interests with friends?

Example answer: Very important, because common interests give you activities to do together and topics to talk about.

If a friend betrayed your trust, what would you do?

Example answer: I would talk to them to understand why, and then decide whether to continue the friendship.

4. Useful Phrases for Discussion

I completely agree with you because… — Полностью согласен, потому что…

I completely agree with you because trust is the most important part of friendship.

I understand your point, but I think… — Я понимаю вашу точку зрения, но я думаю…

I understand your point, but I think fun and enjoyment are also essential in friendships.

From my perspective… — С моей точки зрения…

From my perspective, loyalty can be more important than shared hobbies.

I see what you mean; however… — Я понимаю, о чём вы, однако…

I see what you mean; however, conflicts are normal in any friendship.

In my opinion… — По моему мнению…

In my opinion, friends should support each other during difficult times.

It seems to me that… — Мне кажется, что…

It seems to me that long-lasting friendships need communication and trust.

Could you explain why…? — Можете объяснить, почему…?

Could you explain why you prefer online friendships over face-to-face ones?

5. Opinion Question

Do you think friends are more important than family in some situations? Why or why not?

Example answer: I think friends can sometimes be more important than family because friends choose to support you, share common interests, and understand your problems in ways family members may not.

Tip: Use at least 3 words from the vocabulary list in your answer.

Topic 7: Travel Experiences

1. Warm-up

What was your last trip and where did you go?

Example answer: My last trip was to Paris, and I visited the Eiffel Tower and museums.

Do you prefer travelling alone or with others?

Example answer: I prefer travelling with friends because it is more fun and safe.

Which country would you like to visit next?

Example answer: I would like to visit Japan because I’m interested in its culture and food.

2. Key Vocabulary

travel — путешествовать

I love to travel because it helps me learn new things.

trip / journey — поездка / путешествие

Our trip to the mountains was amazing.

destination — место назначения

Paris is my favorite travel destination.

tourist — турист

Many tourists visit Rome every year.

itinerary — маршрут поездки

We planned our itinerary carefully to see all the main sights.

sightseeing — осмотр достопримечательностей

Sightseeing in London included visiting the Tower of London and Buckingham Palace.

adventure — приключение

Backpacking in Thailand was a real adventure.

accommodation — жильё

We booked comfortable accommodation near the beach.

culture — культура

Traveling helps to learn about different cultures.

local food / cuisine — местная еда / кухня

I always try local food when I travel.

souvenir — сувенир

I bought a small souvenir from every country I visited.

travel experience — опыт путешествий

My travel experiences have taught me to be more independent.

3. Discussion Questions

What is your most memorable travel experience?

Example answer: My most memorable experience was hiking in the Swiss Alps with friends.

Do you prefer relaxing holidays or active adventures? Why?

Example answer: I prefer active adventures because I enjoy exploring and trying new things.

How do you usually plan your trips?

Example answer: I plan my trips online, checking flights, accommodation, and attractions in advance.

Have you ever had problems while travelling? How did you solve them?

Example answer: Yes, I lost my passport in Rome, but the embassy helped me quickly.

Do you prefer travelling to big cities or nature destinations? Why?

Example answer: I prefer nature destinations because I enjoy peace and outdoor activities.

How can travel help people learn about different cultures?

Example answer: By visiting local markets, talking to locals, and trying local cuisine, you can understand a culture better.

Do you prefer planned trips or spontaneous travel? Why?

Example answer: I prefer planned trips because I like to know where I will go and what I will do.

Have you ever made friends while travelling?

Example answer: Yes, I met other travelers in hostels, and we explored the city together.

What souvenirs do you usually buy?

Example answer: I usually buy small souvenirs like magnets, keychains, or postcards.

If you could travel anywhere for free, where would you go and why?

Example answer: I would go to Australia because I want to see the Great Barrier Reef and wildlife.

4. Useful Phrases for Discussion

I completely agree with you because… — Полностью согласен, потому что…

I completely agree with you because travelling broadens our horizons.

I’m not sure I agree because… — Я не уверен, что согласен, потому что…

I’m not sure I agree because sometimes spontaneous trips can be more exciting.

That’s an interesting point; I think… — Это интересная точка зрения; я думаю…

That’s an interesting point; I think cultural experiences are more valuable than sightseeing.

From my perspective… — С моей точки зрения…

From my perspective, trying local food is the best part of travel.

In my opinion… — По моему мнению…

In my opinion, adventure travel teaches you independence and problem-solving.

It seems to me that… — Мне кажется, что…

It seems to me that planning your itinerary carefully can prevent stress.

Could you explain why…? — Можете объяснить, почему…?

Could you explain why you prefer nature destinations over cities?

5. Opinion Question

Do you think travel experiences are more valuable than reading about other countries? Why or why not?

Example answer: I think travel experiences are more valuable because you can see, taste, and feel the culture yourself, which is much more vivid than just reading about it.

Tip: Use at least 3 words from the vocabulary list in your answer.

Topic 8: Life Goals

1. Warm-up

What is the most important goal in your life right now?

Example answer: My most important goal right now is to improve my English skills.

Do you prefer short-term goals or long-term goals?

Example answer: I prefer long-term goals because they give me a clear direction for the future.

Have you achieved any important goals recently?

Example answer: Yes, I recently finished an online course that I had been planning for months.

2. Key Vocabulary

goal — цель

Setting a goal helps you focus and stay motivated.

life goal — жизненная цель

My life goal is to become a successful writer.

dream / aspiration — мечта / стремление

One of my dreams is to travel around the world.

plan / planning — план / планирование

Planning carefully helps to achieve your goals.

achievement — достижение

Graduating from university was a big achievement for me.

motivation — мотивация

Motivation is important to keep going even when things are difficult.

success — успех

Success can be different for everyone.

challenge / obstacle — вызов / препятствие

Every life goal has challenges that need to be overcome.

priority — приоритет

I make education a priority in my life.

ambition — амбиция

Ambition can help you reach your dreams faster.

commitment — обязательство, преданность

Commitment is necessary to achieve long-term goals.

personal development — личностное развитие

Setting life goals contributes to personal development.

3. Discussion Questions

What are your main life goals?

Example answer: My main life goals are to have a fulfilling career, travel the world, and maintain good health.

Why is it important to set goals in life?

Example answer: It is important because goals give direction and motivation to improve ourselves.

Do you think short-term goals help achieve long-term goals? How?

Example answer: Yes, because short-term goals break big goals into smaller, achievable steps.

Have you ever failed to achieve a goal? What did you learn?

Example answer: Yes, I failed to finish a project on time, but I learned to manage my time better.

Which life goals are more important: career, family, or personal happiness?

Example answer: I think personal happiness is most important because it affects all parts of life.

How do challenges affect your motivation to achieve goals?

Example answer: Challenges can be discouraging, but overcoming them increases motivation and confidence.

Do you discuss your goals with friends or family? Why or why not?

Example answer: Yes, I discuss them with my family because they give advice and support.

Do you think goals can change over time? Why?

Example answer: Yes, because priorities and interests change as we grow and gain experience.

Can achieving life goals make people happier? Why?

Example answer: Yes, because reaching a goal gives satisfaction, confidence, and a sense of purpose.

If you had unlimited resources, what life goal would you pursue first?

Example answer: I would start a project to help children learn English because education is very important.

4. Useful Phrases for Discussion

I completely agree with you because… — Полностью согласен, потому что…

I completely agree with you because setting goals gives a clear direction in life.

I’m not sure I agree because… — Я не уверен, что согласен, потому что…

I’m not sure I agree because sometimes goals can create unnecessary pressure.

That’s an interesting point; I think… — Это интересная точка зрения; я думаю…

That’s an interesting point; I think personal development is more important than material success.

From my perspective… — С моей точки зрения…

From my perspective, ambition should be balanced with happiness.

In my opinion… — По моему мнению…

In my opinion, challenges are essential because they teach patience and resilience.

It seems to me that… — Мне кажется, что…

It seems to me that discussing your goals with others helps you stay committed.

Could you explain why…? — Можете объяснить, почему…?

Could you explain why you think family goals are more important than career goals?

5. Opinion Question

Do you think life goals are more important than enjoying the present? Why or why not?

Example answer: I think life goals are important because they give purpose, but enjoying the present is also essential to avoid stress and stay happy.

Tip: Use at least 3 words from the vocabulary list in your answer.

Topic 9: Personal Achievements

1. Warm-up

What is the proudest achievement in your life so far?

Example answer: The proudest achievement in my life is completing my first marathon.

Do you prefer small achievements or big milestones?

Example answer: I enjoy small achievements too, because they motivate me to reach bigger milestones.

Have you ever achieved something you thought was impossible?

Example answer: Yes, I managed to learn how to play the guitar in six months, which seemed impossible at first.

2. Key Vocabulary

achievement — достижение

Finishing a project successfully was a great achievement for me.

personal achievement — личное достижение

My personal achievement is winning a scholarship for my studies.

milestone — важная веха

Graduating from university was an important milestone in my life.

goal — цель

Setting a goal helps you focus on what is important.

success — успех

Success means different things for different people.

hard work — усердная работа

Hard work is often necessary to achieve important goals.

effort — усилие

Every achievement requires effort and dedication.

challenge — вызов

Overcoming challenges makes personal achievements more meaningful.

proud — гордый

I am proud of finishing my first marathon.

recognition — признание

Recognition from others can motivate you to achieve more.

dedication — преданность делу

Dedication to your work often leads to success.

perseverance — настойчивость, упорство

Perseverance helps people reach their goals even in difficult situations.

3. Discussion Questions

What personal achievement are you most proud of and why?

Example answer: I am most proud of completing my first marathon because it required a lot of training and discipline.

Do you think recognition from others is important for personal achievements?

Example answer: Sometimes it is important, but I believe personal satisfaction is more meaningful.

Have you ever failed at achieving something? What did you learn?

Example answer: Yes, I failed a music exam, but I learned to practice more regularly and be patient with myself.

Do small achievements matter as much as big ones? Why?

Example answer: Yes, because small achievements give motivation and confidence to aim higher.

Which qualities help people achieve their goals?

Example answer: Dedication, perseverance, and hard work are essential to achieve meaningful goals.

Have your personal achievements influenced your future goals? How?

Example answer: Yes, finishing a course motivated me to take on more challenging projects.

Do you prefer achieving goals alone or with others? Why?

Example answer: I prefer achieving goals with others because teamwork can make difficult tasks easier.

Do you think personal achievements are more about skill or effort?

Example answer: I think effort is more important because hard work can often overcome lack of natural skill.

How do you celebrate your personal achievements?

Example answer: I usually celebrate by spending time with friends or rewarding myself with something I enjoy.

If you could achieve one big goal this year, what would it be?

Example answer: I would like to complete a challenging online course that will improve my career skills.

4. Useful Phrases for Discussion

I completely agree with you because… — Полностью согласен, потому что…

I completely agree with you because perseverance is essential for any achievement.

I’m not sure I agree because… — Я не уверен, что согласен, потому что…

I’m not sure I agree because sometimes recognition by others can be motivating too.

That’s an interesting point; I think… — Это интересная точка зрения; я думаю…

That’s an interesting point; I think personal satisfaction matters more than external praise.

From my experience… — Из моего опыта…

From my experience, small achievements can be just as motivating as big milestones.

I see your point; however… — Я понимаю вашу точку зрения; однако…

I see your point; however, achieving a goal alone can sometimes teach more life lessons than teamwork.

In my opinion… — По моему мнению…

In my opinion, dedication is more important than talent when it comes to personal achievements.

It seems to me that… — Мне кажется, что…

It seems to me that celebrating achievements, even small ones, keeps motivation high.

Could you explain why…? — Можете объяснить, почему…?

Could you explain why you think effort is more important than skill?

5. Opinion Question

Do you think personal achievements are more important for self-confidence or for gaining recognition from others? Why?

Example answer: I think personal achievements are more important for self-confidence because they show what you can do and make you feel proud, even if no one else notices.

Tip: Use at least 3 words from the vocabulary list in your answer.

Topic 10: Cultural Traditions

1. Warm-up

What is a cultural tradition in your family or country?

Example answer: In my family, we always celebrate New Year with a big family dinner and traditional dishes.

Do you enjoy participating in cultural traditions? Why or why not?

Example answer: Yes, I enjoy them because they help me feel connected to my heritage.

Have you ever experienced a cultural tradition from another country?

Example answer: Yes, I joined a Japanese tea ceremony during my trip to Tokyo.

2. Key Vocabulary

tradition — традиция

Christmas is an important tradition in many countries.

cultural tradition — культурная традиция

Cultural traditions reflect the values and history of a society.

celebration — празднование

We had a big celebration for my grandmother’s 80th birthday.

festival — фестиваль

The Carnival festival in Brazil is famous worldwide.

ritual — ритуал

Weddings often include special rituals according to local customs.

custom — обычай

It is a custom to greet guests with a handshake in my country.

heritage — наследие

Learning about our heritage helps us understand our cultural roots.

ceremony — церемония

The graduation ceremony was very emotional for all students.

symbol — символ

The flag is a symbol of national identity.

holiday — праздник

Public holidays often reflect cultural traditions.

folk music / dance — народная музыка / танцы

Folk music and dance are important parts of cultural traditions.

costume — костюм

People wear traditional costumes during festivals and ceremonies.

3. Discussion Questions

What is your favorite cultural tradition and why?

Example answer: My favorite tradition is Maslenitsa in Russia because I enjoy making pancakes with my family.

Do you think cultural traditions are important in modern life? Why?

Example answer: Yes, because they help preserve history, values, and a sense of community.

Have you ever adapted a cultural tradition from another country?

Example answer: Yes, I started celebrating Halloween with my friends, even though it is not traditional in my country.

Which festivals or ceremonies are celebrated in your country?

Example answer: In my country, we celebrate New Year, Christmas, and Victory Day.

Do you prefer traditional celebrations or modern parties? Why?

Example answer: I prefer traditional celebrations because they have meaning and connect me with my roots.

Have you ever participated in a ritual? How did it feel?

Example answer: Yes, during a wedding ceremony, and it felt special and respectful.

Do you think young people follow cultural traditions less than older generations? Why?

Example answer: Sometimes yes, because modern life is busy and traditions may seem old-fashioned.

How do cultural traditions bring people together?

Example answer: Traditions bring people together by creating shared experiences and memories.

What role does folk music, dance, or costume play in traditions?

Example answer: Folk music, dance, and costumes make traditions more lively and memorable.

If you could create a new cultural tradition, what would it be?

Example answer: I would create a tradition of planting a tree with friends and family every spring.

4. Useful Phrases for Discussion

I completely agree with you because… — Полностью согласен, потому что…

I completely agree with you because traditions help preserve culture and history.

I see your point; however… — Я понимаю вашу точку зрения; однако…

I see your point; however, some traditions need to evolve to fit modern life.

From my perspective… — С моей точки зрения…

From my perspective, festivals are more enjoyable when the whole community participates.

That’s an interesting point; I think… — Это интересная точка зрения; я думаю…

That’s an interesting point; I think young people can adapt traditions in creative ways.

In my opinion… — По моему мнению…

In my opinion, ceremonies like weddings or graduations strengthen family bonds.

It seems to me that… — Мне кажется, что…

It seems to me that costumes and folk music make traditions more exciting and memorable.

Could you explain why…? — Можете объяснить, почему…?

Could you explain why you prefer traditional celebrations over modern parties?

I’m not sure I agree because… — Я не уверен, что согласен, потому что…

I’m not sure I agree because some modern celebrations can also create meaningful memories.

5. Opinion Question

Do you think cultural traditions should be preserved even if society becomes more modern? Why or why not?